Volume CLXXVINo. 1

The Federal Ledger

Est. 1776 • Digital Archive of the Republic

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Letter1800

On the Reading of Books

Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Rush
On the Reading of Books
Facsimile — via Wikimedia Commons

On This Document

Jefferson's 1800 letter to Benjamin Rush contains the line he later asked to have engraved on his own mind: 'I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.' It is the clearest statement of Jefferson's commitment to freedom of conscience.

I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man. But this is all I have sworn.
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